Countries<Spain<Castilla-La Mancha<Cuenca< Ciudad histórica fortificada de Cuenca

Ciudad histórica fortificada de Cuenca(Cuenca)

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Description

Cuenca was inscribed on the World Heritage List for being an exceptional example of a medieval fortified city that has preserved its original setting intact, together with excellent examples of civil and religious architecture from the 12th to the 18th century. The magnificent union between the historic city and the natural landscape in which it is situated was also highlighted.

The city, of medieval origin, is located on a rugged and unique site overlooking the gorges of the rivers Júcar and Huécar. Historically, Cuenca was a strategic place on the frontier built in Islamic times as a defensive focus in the centre of the Caliphate of Córdoba. Written sources from the 12th century highlight its walls and its important textile industry.

In 1177 a new era began for the city when it was conquered by Alfonso VIII of Castile. The consequent increase in population, with the settlement of Christian and Jewish populations, was reflected in the town planning and the construction of new buildings, such as its Cathedral, the first Gothic-style cathedral built in Spain.

The progressive expansion of the city overflowed the original upper area and the lower areas were populated, beginning to be organised into neighbourhoods. The 16th century was the period of greatest prosperity for Cuenca, which became a leading economic and administrative centre and an important economic activity, which slowed down considerably during the following century, when the power of the religious orders became the city's main support.

There are currently three different urban areas: the upper quarter, the historic working-class neighbourhoods and the transition zone between the two. Cuenca treasures a large number of first-rate religious and civil buildings, such as the Cathedral, convents, the bridge of San Pablo or its famous Casas Colgadas, nowadays a symbol of the city.

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